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Managerial Accounting-A Perspective Cost Terms, Concepts, and Classifications Systems Design: Job-Order Costing. Systems Design: Process Costing 2 Cost Behavior: Analysis and Use Cost-Volume-Profit Relationships Segmented Reporting, and the Contribution Approach to Costing Profit Planning Control through Standard Costs Flexible Budgets and Overhead Analysis Control of Decentralized Operations. Pricing of Products and Services Relevant Costs for Decision Making Capital Budgeting Decisions Further Aspects of Investment Decisions Service Department Cost Allocations "How Well Am I Doing?"-Financial Statement Analysis. "How Well Am I Doing?"-Statement of Cash Flows

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Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channel Concepts The Channel Participants The Environment of Marketing Channels Ethics in Channels: An Illustrative Case Behavioral Processes in Marketing Channels Developing the Marketing Channel Strategy in Marketing Channels Designing the Marketing Channel Selecting the Channel Members Target Markets and Channel Design Strategy Managing the Marketing Channel Motivating the Channel Members Product Issues in Channel Management Pricing ssues in Channel Management Promotion through the Marketing Channele Physical Distribution and Channel Management Appraising the Marketing Channel Evaluating Channel Member Performance Vertical Marketing Systems and Channel Management Evelyn Woods Reading Dynamics : A Franchise Contract Additional Perspectives on Marketing Channels Direct Selling and Direct Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channels for Services International Channel Perspectives Cases in Marketing Channels

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Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channel Concepts The Channel Participants The Environment of Marketing Channels Ethics in Channels: An Illustrative Case Behavioral Processes in Marketing Channels Developing the Marketing Channel Strategy in Marketing Channels Designing the Marketing Channel Selecting the Channel Members Target Markets and Channel Design Strategy Managing the Marketing Channel Motivating the Channel Members Product Issues in Channel Management Pricing ssues in Channel Management Promotion through the Marketing Channele Physical Distribution and Channel Management Appraising the Marketing Channel Evaluating Channel Member Performance Vertical Marketing Systems and Channel Management Evelyn Woods Reading Dynamics : A Franchise Contract Additional Perspectives on Marketing Channels Direct Selling and Direct Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channels for Services International Channel Perspectives Cases in Marketing Channels

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Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channel Concepts The Channel Participants The Environment of Marketing Channels Ethics in Channels: An Illustrative Case Behavioral Processes in Marketing Channels Developing the Marketing Channel Strategy in Marketing Channels Designing the Marketing Channel Selecting the Channel Members Target Markets and Channel Design Strategy Managing the Marketing Channel Motivating the Channel Members Product Issues in Channel Management Pricing ssues in Channel Management Promotion through the Marketing Channele Physical Distribution and Channel Management Appraising the Marketing Channel Evaluating Channel Member Performance Vertical Marketing Systems and Channel Management Evelyn Woods Reading Dynamics : A Franchise Contract Additional Perspectives on Marketing Channels Direct Selling and Direct Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channels for Services International Channel Perspectives Cases in Marketing Channels

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Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channel Concepts The Channel Participants The Environment of Marketing Channels Ethics in Channels: An Illustrative Case Behavioral Processes in Marketing Channels Developing the Marketing Channel Strategy in Marketing Channels Designing the Marketing Channel Selecting the Channel Members Target Markets and Channel Design Strategy Managing the Marketing Channel Motivating the Channel Members Product Issues in Channel Management Pricing ssues in Channel Management Promotion through the Marketing Channele Physical Distribution and Channel Management Appraising the Marketing Channel Evaluating Channel Member Performance Vertical Marketing Systems and Channel Management Evelyn Woods Reading Dynamics : A Franchise Contract Additional Perspectives on Marketing Channels Direct Selling and Direct Marketing Channel Systems Marketing Channels for Services International Channel Perspectives Cases in Marketing Channels

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organizationnal communication: a competancy-based approach frameworks for understanding organnizationnal communication theoretical perspactives for organnizationnal communication communication implications of major organnisationnal theories individuals in organizations groups in organizations leadership and management communication participating in organizations: developing critical organizationnal communication competencies organizationnal conflict: communicating for effectiveness

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Turn on the Computer,Insert the Computer Disc, Run the LOTUS 1-2-3 Program Retrieve FASA 1, Review the Spreadsheet, Working with the FASA Spreadsheet A Brief Example, Return FASA to its Original Format, To Save a Spreadsheet for Future Use, Exit the Program, and Eject the Disk, To Print a Spreadsheet, Macintosh / EXCELL Turn on the Macintosh Computer, Insert the Computer Disk, Open the Disk Open FASA 1, Review the Spreadsheet, Working with the FASA Spreadsheet, A Brief Example Return FASA to its Original Format, To Save a Spreadsheet for Future Use, Exit the Program, and Eject the Disk, To Print a Spreadsheet, Building a Set of Financial Statements Exercise 2: Accrual vs. Cash, Solution Sheets, Accounting, Capitalize and Depreciate Carrying Inventories, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable, Accrued Payables and Dividends Payable,Solution Sheets.,Marketable Securities, Stable Prices, Increasing Prices Decreasing Prices, Solution Sheets.,BC. Sales and Accounts Receivable, Pricing Strategy, Unit Sales, and Sales Rev,Credit Terms and Receivables Uncollectible Accounts,Solution Sheets.Inventory Slowing Payments on Inventory Purchases, Increasing Inventory Purchase Costs Building Inventory Balances, FIFO Vs. LIFO - Stable Inventory Costs FIFO vs. LIFO - Increasing Inventory Costs, Solution Sheets Long-lived Assets, Acquiring Additional Delivery Trucks Additional Investments in Land Different Depreciation Methods Increasing the Estimated Life. Increasing the Salvage Value.Solution Sheets Different Depreciation Methods for Reporting and Tax Solution Sheets Long- Term Debt Assets . Methods.& Financing Investments in Long-lived Straight Line and Effective Interest. Solution Sheets Stockholders' Equity Debt/Equity Tradeoffs. Treasury Stock Transactions Stock Dividend. Solution Sheets. Net Cash from Operations The Statement of Cash Flows. Investing and Financing Activities. Solution Sheets Financial Statement Analysis. Solution Sheets. FASA Spreadsheet Definitions of FASA Inputs FASA Example Financial Accounting Ratios Solution to Exercise 1 Solution to Exercise 2

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Turn on the Computer,Insert the Computer Disc, Run the LOTUS 1-2-3 Program Retrieve FASA 1, Review the Spreadsheet, Working with the FASA Spreadsheet A Brief Example, Return FASA to its Original Format, To Save a Spreadsheet for Future Use, Exit the Program, and Eject the Disk, To Print a Spreadsheet, Macintosh / EXCELL Turn on the Macintosh Computer, Insert the Computer Disk, Open the Disk Open FASA 1, Review the Spreadsheet, Working with the FASA Spreadsheet, A Brief Example Return FASA to its Original Format, To Save a Spreadsheet for Future Use, Exit the Program, and Eject the Disk, To Print a Spreadsheet, Building a Set of Financial Statements Exercise 2: Accrual vs. Cash, Solution Sheets, Accounting, Capitalize and Depreciate Carrying Inventories, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable, Accrued Payables and Dividends Payable,Solution Sheets.,Marketable Securities, Stable Prices, Increasing Prices Decreasing Prices, Solution Sheets.,BC. Sales and Accounts Receivable, Pricing Strategy, Unit Sales, and Sales Rev,Credit Terms and Receivables Uncollectible Accounts,Solution Sheets.Inventory Slowing Payments on Inventory Purchases, Increasing Inventory Purchase Costs Building Inventory Balances, FIFO Vs. LIFO - Stable Inventory Costs FIFO vs. LIFO - Increasing Inventory Costs, Solution Sheets Long-lived Assets, Acquiring Additional Delivery Trucks Additional Investments in Land Different Depreciation Methods Increasing the Estimated Life. Increasing the Salvage Value.Solution Sheets Different Depreciation Methods for Reporting and Tax Solution Sheets Long- Term Debt Assets . Methods.& Financing Investments in Long-lived Straight Line and Effective Interest. Solution Sheets Stockholders' Equity Debt/Equity Tradeoffs. Treasury Stock Transactions Stock Dividend. Solution Sheets. Net Cash from Operations The Statement of Cash Flows. Investing and Financing Activities. Solution Sheets Financial Statement Analysis. Solution Sheets. FASA Spreadsheet Definitions of FASA Inputs FASA Example Financial Accounting Ratios

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Turn on the Computer,Insert the Computer Disc, Run the LOTUS 1-2-3 Program Retrieve FASA 1, Review the Spreadsheet, Working with the FASA Spreadsheet A Brief Example, Return FASA to its Original Format, To Save a Spreadsheet for Future Use, Exit the Program, and Eject the Disk, To Print a Spreadsheet, Macintosh / EXCELL Turn on the Macintosh Computer, Insert the Computer Disk, Open the Disk Open FASA 1, Review the Spreadsheet, Working with the FASA Spreadsheet, A Brief Example Return FASA to its Original Format, To Save a Spreadsheet for Future Use, Exit the Program, and Eject the Disk, To Print a Spreadsheet, Building a Set of Financial Statements Exercise 2: Accrual vs. Cash, Solution Sheets, Accounting, Capitalize and Depreciate Carrying Inventories, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable, Accrued Payables and Dividends Payable,Solution Sheets.,Marketable Securities, Stable Prices, Increasing Prices Decreasing Prices, Solution Sheets.,BC. Sales and Accounts Receivable, Pricing Strategy, Unit Sales, and Sales Rev,Credit Terms and Receivables Uncollectible Accounts,Solution Sheets.Inventory Slowing Payments on Inventory Purchases, Increasing Inventory Purchase Costs Building Inventory Balances, FIFO Vs. LIFO - Stable Inventory Costs FIFO vs. LIFO - Increasing Inventory Costs, Solution Sheets Long-lived Assets, Acquiring Additional Delivery Trucks Additional Investments in Land Different Depreciation Methods Increasing the Estimated Life. Increasing the Salvage Value.Solution Sheets Different Depreciation Methods for Reporting and Tax Solution Sheets Long- Term Debt Assets . Methods.& Financing Investments in Long-lived Straight Line and Effective Interest. Solution Sheets Stockholders' Equity Debt/Equity Tradeoffs. Treasury Stock Transactions Stock Dividend. Solution Sheets. Net Cash from Operations The Statement of Cash Flows. Investing and Financing Activities. Solution Sheets Financial Statement Analysis. Solution Sheets. FASA Spreadsheet Definitions of FASA Inputs FASA Example Financial Accounting Ratios

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Fundamentals of Managerial accounting Accounting and the management process Organizations: Their Objectives and goals The Management Process Planning and Budgeting, Organizing, Implementing, Controlling The Accountant in the Organization The Controller's Office The Treasurer's Ofice The Accounting Process : Financial Accounting, Managerial Accounting Accounting Information as an Economic Commodity Standards of Ethical Conduct Cost classification and flow Product Costs Versus Period Costs Cost Classification in a Service Company Cost Classification in a Merchandising Company Cost Classification in a MANUFACTURING COMPANY Accounting Total Manufacturing Costs Versus Unit Manufacturing Costs Manufacturing Cost Flows. Staterment of cost of Goods Manufactured Staternent of Cost of Goods Manufactured änd Sold Cost Behavior and Estimation. Two Product Costing Systems Job Order Cost Accounting. Process Cost Accounting Cost Behavior Patterns.Variable Costs , Fixed Costs, Mixed Costs, Step Costs Causes of Cost Behavior Patterns The Engineering Approach to, Cost Estimation, Cost Estimation from Historical Data Selection of a Cost Driver, The Graphic Approach, The High-Low Approach Regression Analysis. Using Cost Behavior in Reporting. Income: The Contribution Format Cost Accounting Systems. Job Order Costing. Designing a Cost Accounting System. Choosing Between Job Order and Process Costing. Job Order Costing Process Costing. Calculating the Average Cost per Unit Accounting for Materials Costs. Purchase of Materials. Issue of Materials Accounting for Labor Costs. Accounting for Manufacturing Overhead Costs. The Predetermined Overhead Rate. Applied Overhead Costs Actual Overhead Costs. Accounting for Over- and Underapplied Overhead Causes of Over- and Underapplied Overhea. Reporting Over- or Underapplied Overhead. Accounting for the Cost of Finished Goods and the Cost of Goods Sold Cost of Finished Goods. Cost of Goods Sold Preparing Statements of the Cost a Goods Manufactured and Sold The Statement of Cost of Goods Manufactured The Statement of Cost of Goods Sold Process Costing.A Simple lllustration of Process Costing. ldentifying Costs with Activities Accounting for Partially Completec Units in Ending Inventory Calculating Equivalent Units for Resources Added

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Fundamentals of Managerial accounting Accounting and the management process Organizations: Their Objectives and goals The Management Process Planning and Budgeting, Organizing, Implementing, Controlling The Accountant in the Organization The Controller's Office The Treasurer's Ofice The Accounting Process : Financial Accounting, Managerial Accounting Accounting Information as an Economic Commodity Standards of Ethical Conduct Cost classification and flow Product Costs Versus Period Costs Cost Classification in a Service Company Cost Classification in a Merchandising Company Cost Classification in a MANUFACTURING COMPANY Accounting Total Manufacturing Costs Versus Unit Manufacturing Costs Manufacturing Cost Flows. Staterment of cost of Goods Manufactured Staternent of Cost of Goods Manufactured änd Sold Cost Behavior and Estimation. Two Product Costing Systems Job Order Cost Accounting. Process Cost Accounting Cost Behavior Patterns.Variable Costs , Fixed Costs, Mixed Costs, Step Costs Causes of Cost Behavior Patterns The Engineering Approach to, Cost Estimation, Cost Estimation from Historical Data Selection of a Cost Driver, The Graphic Approach, The High-Low Approach Regression Analysis. Using Cost Behavior in Reporting. Income: The Contribution Format Cost Accounting Systems. Job Order Costing. Designing a Cost Accounting System. Choosing Between Job Order and Process Costing. Job Order Costing Process Costing. Calculating the Average Cost per Unit Accounting for Materials Costs. Purchase of Materials. Issue of Materials Accounting for Labor Costs. Accounting for Manufacturing Overhead Costs. The Predetermined Overhead Rate. Applied Overhead Costs Actual Overhead Costs. Accounting for Over- and Underapplied Overhead Causes of Over- and Underapplied Overhea. Reporting Over- or Underapplied Overhead. Accounting for the Cost of Finished Goods and the Cost of Goods Sold Cost of Finished Goods. Cost of Goods Sold Preparing Statements of the Cost a Goods Manufactured and Sold The Statement of Cost of Goods Manufactured The Statement of Cost of Goods Sold Process Costing.A Simple lllustration of Process Costing. ldentifying Costs with Activities Accounting for Partially Completec Units in Ending Inventory Calculating Equivalent Units for Resources Added

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Measurement The FASB Cases on Recognition and Asset Divposal. Baltimore Canyon Bank Loan Barter/Bond Bonus Chemical Plant Corn and Hogs (Part I) Corn and Hogs (Part II). . Foreign Cash (Part I).. Foreign Cash (Part II) General Contractor.. I'requent Flier Gasoline Tank Hcalth Spa Hula Hoop Instant Millionaire Insurance. Liability or Equity (Part II) Liability or Equity (Part I) Liability or Equity (Part III) Magazine Subscription (Part II). Loan Commitment Fee Magazine Subscription (Part l) Lottery Ticket (Part I) Lottery Ticket (Part II). Note Receivable Payable Penalty Clause Pension Enhancement Petroleum Purchase-Sale Commitment Purchase-Sale Option (Part II) .. Purchase- Sale Option (Part I) Production Rights. Plumbing. Purchase-Sale Option (Part III). Restricted Ticket. Sabbatical Sick Pay Silent Auction Smokestack. Stock Investment Sweat Equity Toxic Dump. Venture

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INSTTUTIONS Part I: . Huston MCCulloch Why Bothe? The Theory of Money Carl Menger The EVolution of a Free Banking Systerm Lawrence White with George Selgin Money and the State Dauid Glasnar The EVolution of the Bank Regulatory Structure: A Reappraisal F. Ward MCCarthy, Jr. THEORY Part Il: Business: Fundamentals From The Banking Barry N. Siegel The Creation and DestruCtion of Money William Poole The Application of the Theoretical Apparatus of Supply and Demand to Units of Currency Edwin Cannan Commercial Banks as Creators of "Money James Tobin Why Does Velocity Matter? Daniel L. Thornton Lessons of the German Inflation Henry Hazlitt COsts and SOurces of Inflation Leland B. Yeager and Associates The Influence of the Rate of Interest on Prices Knut Wicksell The Natural Rate of Unemployment: Concepts and IssueS StuartE. Weiner Inflation, the Misdirection of LabOur, and Unemployment F.A. Hayek Can Keynesianism Explain the 1930s? Reply to Cowen Gene Smiley The Truth about Bank Runs George G. Kaufman The Biggest Scam in History James Ring Adams POLICY Part IIl: Rules Versus Authorities in Monetary Policy Henry C. Simons The Gold Standard: Myths and Realities Michael Dauid Bordo Choice in Currency: A Way to Stop Inflation F.A. Hayek Free Banking and Monetary Reform George Selgin The Lender of Last Resort: Altemative Vlews and Historical Experience Michael Dauid Bordo

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Personal Financial Planning: An Introduction Chapter 1 Personal Career Strategies Chapter 2 Money Management Strategy: Financial Statements and Budgeting Chapter 3 Planning Your Tax Strategy Chapter 4 The Banking Services of Financial Institutions Chapter 5 Introduction to Consumer Credit Chapter 6 Choosing a Source of Credit: The Costs of Credit Alternatives Chapter 7 Consumer Purchasing Strategies and Legal Protection Chapter 8 The Finances of Housing Chapter 9 Transportation Options and Costs Chapter 10 Personal Risks and Insurance Chapter 11 Home and Automobile Insurance Chapter 12 Health Care and Disability Insurance Chapter 13 Life Insurance Chapter 14 Fundamentals of Investing Chapter 15 Investing in Stocks Chapter 16 Investing in Bonds Chapter 17 Investing in Mutual Funds and Investment Companies Chapter 18 Real Estate and Other Investment Alternatives Chapter 19 Retirement Planning Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Estate Planning Answers lo Pretests, Post Tests, and Problems, Applications and Cases

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According as an information system the double-entry system business income and adjusting entries completing the accounting cycles Accounting for merchandising operations Accounting system and special-pupose journals classified financial statement and internal cotrol short-term liquids assets inventories current liabilities and payroll accounting long-term assets contributed capital Retained earnings and corporate income statement long-term liabilities Introduction to management Accounting Operating costs: terms, classification, and reporting Product costing: the job orders system Product costing : the processes costs system cost-volume-profit analysis and costs allocation the budgeting process Responsibility accounting and performance evaluation Costs control using standards costing and variance analysis Pricing Decision, Short-run decision analysis capital expenditure decision the just-in-time philosophy the statement of cash flows financial statement analysis the time volume of money accounting concepts accounting for partnership International accounting Overview of governmental and not-for-profits accounting Overviews of income taxes for individual JIT and automation Specimen Financial statements : the coca - cola company

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According as an information system the double-entry system business income and adjusting entries completing the accounting cycles Accounting for merchandising operations Accounting system and special-pupose journals classified financial statement and internal cotrol short-term liquids assets inventories current liabilities and payroll accounting long-term assets contributed capital Retained earnings and corporate income statement long-term liabilities Introduction to management Accounting Operating costs: terms, classification, and reporting Product costing: the job orders system Product costing : the processes costs system cost-volume-profit analysis and costs allocation the budgeting process Responsibility accounting and performance evaluation Costs control using standards costing and variance analysis Pricing Decision, Short-run decision analysis capital expenditure decision the just-in-time philosophy the statement of cash flows financial statement analysis the time volume of money accounting concepts accounting for partnership International accounting Overview of governmental and not-for-profits accounting Overviews of income taxes for individual JIT and automation Specimen Financial statements : the coca - cola company

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According as an information system the double-entry system business income and adjusting entries completing the accounting cycles Accounting for merchandising operations Accounting system and special-pupose journals classified financial statement and internal cotrol short-term liquids assets inventories current liabilities and payroll accounting long-term assets contributed capital Retained earnings and corporate income statement long-term liabilities Introduction to management Accounting Operating costs: terms, classification, and reporting Product costing: the job orders system Product costing : the processes costs system cost-volume-profit analysis and costs allocation the budgeting process Responsibility accounting and performance evaluation Costs control using standards costing and variance analysis Pricing Decision, Short-run decision analysis capital expenditure decision the just-in-time philosophy the statement of cash flows financial statement analysis the time volume of money accounting concepts accounting for partnership International accounting Overview of governmental and not-for-profits accounting Overviews of income taxes for individual JIT and automation Specimen Financial statements : the coca - cola company

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Accounting and Its Environnement . Financial Statements An Overwiew Introducing the Accounting Cycle . Adjusting Entries Completing the Accountimg Cycle. Supplement (to Chapter Reversimg Entries .Income Determination. Income Measurement and ReDoimg Supplement (to Chapter 6) Using a Work. Sheet in Accounting for Iventor Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold . Reporting Assets, Liabilities and Ouners Equity . Cash, Marketable Securities and Receivables . Liabilities Property, Plant, and Equipment Intangible. Assets; and Natural Resources Bonds Pavable . Long-Term Investments. Owners' Equity-The Corporation Equity-Proprietorships and Owners'partener-ships Other Dimensions of Financial reporting Statement of Cash Flows supplement (to Chapter 15) Using a T account Approach to Prepare a Statement Cash Flows .Financial Statement Analysis .The Impact of Income Taxes on Financial Cisions. Ethics in Accounting. Special Journals Internal Control .International Accounting Consolidated Financial Statements . Illustrative Financial Statements-The Procter & Gamble Company

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Part 1 Financial Reporting and the Accounting JAccounting and Its Environment ) Financial Statements: An Overview 23 4 Introducing the Accounting Cycle 54 4 Adjusting Entries 94 5 Completing the Accounting Cycle 127 Supplement (to Chapter 5) Reversing Entries 174 Part 2 Income Determination Part 3 6 Income Measurement and Reporting 180 Supplement (to Chapter 6) Using a Work Sheet in Accounting for Inventory 225 7 Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold 232 Reporting Assets, Liabilities, and Owners' Equity 271 8 Cash, Marketable Securities, and Receivables 10 Liabilities 357 9 Property, Plant, and Equipment; Intangible Assets; and Natural Resources 313 11 Bonds Payable 397 12 Long-Term Investments 428 13 Owners' Equity-The Corporation 461 14 Owners' Equity-Proprietorships and Partner-ships 506 Part 4 Other Dimensions of Financial Reporting 545 15 Statement of Cash Flows Supplement (to Chapter 15) Using a T-Account Approach to Prepare a Statement of Cash Flows 588 16 Financial Statement Analysis 591 17 The Impact of Income Taxes on Financial Decisions 641 Appendices A Ethics in Accounting 676 B Special Journals 678 C Internal Control 692 D International Accounting 704 E Consolidated Financial Statements 716 F Illustrative Financial Statements-The Procter & Gamble Company 736 Glossary 746 FINANCIALREPRTING AND THE ACCOUNTING CYCLE 1 Chapter 1 Accounting and lts Environment 2 The Purpose of Accounting 2 The Relationship of Accounting to Business 3 Users of Accounting Information 5 Basic Concepts and Assumptions Underlying Financial Accounting 7 The Entity Concept The Assumption of Arm's-Length Transactions9 The Cost Principle 9 The Monetary Measurement Concept 10 The Going-Concern Assumption 10 Double-Entry Accounting 11 The Environment of Accounting Ethics in Accounting The Significance and Development of GAAP 12 International Business 14 Public Accounting Career Opportunities in Accounting 15 Organizations 17 Government and Other Nonprofit Educational Preparation 18 The Balance Sheet Financial Statements: An Overview 23 General-Purpose Financial Statements 24 The Income Statement 28 The Statement of Cash Flows 32 How the Financial Statements Tie Together 33 Notes to Financial Statements 35 The Audit Report 35 Introducing the Accounting Cycle 54 The Process of Transforming Transaction Data Into Useful Accounting Information 54 The Basic Accounting Equation 56 Using Accounts to Categorize Transactions 56 Expanding the Accounting Equation to Include Revenues, Expenses, and Dividends 59 The First Four Steps in the Accounting Step 1. Analyze Transactions and Business Documents 61 Step 2. Journalize Transactions 61 Step 3. Post Journal Entries to Accounts 70 Step 4. Determine Account Balances and Prepare a Trial Balance 73 Illustration of the First Four Steps in the Accounting Cycle 75 Chapter 4 Adjusting Entries 94 Additional Characteristics of the Accounting Model 95 Periodic Reporting 95 Accrual Accounting Accrual- Versus Cash-Basis Accounting 97 Adjusting Entries (Step 5 of the Accounting Alternative Approaches to Adjusting Unrecorded Revenues 99 Unrecorded Expenses 101 Prepaid Expenses 102 Unearned Revenues 104 An Alternative Approach to Adjus tments for Prepaid Expenses 107 An Alternative Approach to Adjus tments for Unearned Revenues 108 Completing the Accoun ting Cycle 127 The Work Sheet Preparing a Work Sheet Special Considerations in Using a Work Sheet 134 Closing Entries Preparing Financial Statements Real and Nominal Accounts 137 The Closing Process 138 Using an Income Summary Account 139 Closing the Dividends Account 140 Supplement to Chapter 5 Reversing Entries 174 The Closing Process for Proprietorships and Partnerships 140 Preparing a Post-Closing Trial Balance 142 A Summary of the Accounting Cycle 142 INCOME DETERMINATION 179 A Definition of Income 180 Income Measurement and Reporting 180 Methods of Measuring Income 181 The Income Statement 203 Accrual-Basis Income--an Analysis 183 The Measurement of Revenues The Measurement of Expenses 188 Other Revenues and Expenses 203 Extraordinary Items Earnings Per Share Supplement to Chapter6 Using a Work Sheet in Accounting for Inventory 225 Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold 232 The Proper Measurement of Inventory 222 Inventory Cutoff 233 The Effects of Inventory Errors 233 Other Factors in Accounting for Inventory Specific Identification Inventory Costing 238 Assumed Inventory Cost Flows 239 Periodic Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions 24n Perpetual Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions 242 A Comparison of All Inventory Costing Alternatives 246 Reporting Inventory at Amounts Below Cost 247 Inventory Valued at Net Realizable Value 247 Inventory Valued at Lower of Cost or The Gross Margin Method Methods of Estimating Inventories 250 The Retail Inventory Method 251 Accounting for Inventories in Manufacturing REPORTING ASSETS, LIABILITIES, AND OWNERS' EQUITY 271 Accounting for Cash 272 Control of Cash 273 Cash, Marketable Securities, and Receivables 272 Accounting for Petty Cash 274 Reconciling the Bank Account 277 Accounting for Short-Term Investments 281 Recording Investments in Marketable Valuing Marketable Securities at Lower of Cost or Market 283 Accounting for Receivables 284 Accounts Receivable 286 Notes Receivable 292 Discounting Notes Receivable Other Receivables 295 Chapter 9 Property, Plant, and Equipment; Intangible Assets; and Natural Resources Types of Operating Assets Equipment 314 Equipment 314 Accounting for Property, Plant, and Expense 318 Acquisitions of Property, Plant, and Equipment Allocating the Cost of Plant and Equipment to Discarding Property, Plant, and Equipment 331 Selling Property, Plant, and Equipment 332 Exchanging Property, Plant, and Equipment 332 Franchises and Licenses 336 Accounting for Intangible Assets 335 Chapter 10 Current Liabilities 357 Accounting for Natural Resources 337 Payroll Liabilities 362 Tax Liabilities 363 Short-Term Obligations to Creditors 358 Long-Term Liabilities 367 Contingent Liabilities 377 Obligations to Provide Goods or Services 365 Bonds Payable 397 Measuring Long-Term Liabilities 367 Accounting for Long-Term Liabilities 369 Other Long-Term Liabilities 376 The Nature of Bonds 397 Types of Bonds 398 Characteristics of Bonds 399 Determining a Bond's Issuance Price 400 Bonds Issued at Face Value Bonds Issued at a Discount Bonds Issued at a Premium Accounting for Bonds Payable 403 Accounting for Bonds Issued at Face Value 404 Accounting for Bonds Issued at a Discount or at a Premium 405 Effective-Interest Amortization 409 Accounting for Bonds Issued Between Interest Dates 411 Bond Retirements at Maturity 413 Bond Retirements Before Maturity 413 Long-Term Investments 428 Accounting for Long-Term Investments in Accounting for the Acquisition of Bonds 429 Accounting for Bonds Purchased Between Discounts and Premiums 434 Accounting for Interest Earned on Bonds 432 Accounting for the Amortization of Bond Investments 436 Effective-Interest Amortization 435 Accounting for the Sale or Maturity of Bond Acquisition of Stocks 439 Valuation of Long-Term Investments in Bonds 437 The Cost Method 441 Accounting for Long-Term Investments in Stocks 439 The Equity Method 442 The Cost and Equity Methods Illustrated 443 Owners' Equity-The Corporation 461 Characteristics of a Corporation 462 The Stock of a Corporation 464 Accounting for the Issuance and Reacquisition of Stock 467 Issuance of Par-Value Stock and No-Par Stock With Stated Value Issuance of No-Par Stock Without a Stated Accounting for Treasury Stock 469 Types of Dividends 473 Reporting Stock on the Balance Sheet 472 Distributions to Stockholders Accounting for Cash Dividends 474